Tracker Extract Library Reference Manual: Data utilities

## Data utilities Data utilities — Functions for coalescing, merging, date handling and normalizing |

## Stability Level

Stable, unless otherwise indicated

## Synopsis

    #include <libtracker-extract/tracker-extract.h>

    gchar *             tracker_coalesce                    (gint n_values,
                                                             ...);
    const gchar *       tracker_coalesce_strip              (gint n_values,
                                                             ...);
    gchar *             tracker_merge                       (const gchar *delimiter,
                                                             gint n_values,
                                                             ...);
    gchar *             tracker_merge_const                 (const gchar *delimiter,
                                                             gint n_values,
                                                             ...);
    gssize              tracker_getline                     (gchar **lineptr,
                                                             gsize *n,
                                                             FILE *stream);
    gchar *             tracker_text_normalize              (const gchar *text,
                                                             guint max_words,
                                                             guint *n_words);
    gboolean            tracker_text_validate_utf8          (const gchar *text,
                                                             gssize text_len,
                                                             GString **str,
                                                             gsize *valid_len);
    gchar *             tracker_date_format_to_iso8601      (const gchar *date_string,
                                                             const gchar *format);
    gchar *             tracker_date_guess                  (const gchar *date_string);
    void                tracker_keywords_parse              (GPtrArray *store,
                                                             const gchar *keywords);

## Description

This API is provided to facilitate common more general functions which extractors may find useful. These functions are also used by the in-house extractors quite frequently.

## Details

### tracker_coalesce ()

    gchar *             tracker_coalesce                    (gint n_values,
                                                             ...);

### Warning

`tracker_coalesce` has been deprecated since version 0.10 and should not be used in newly-written code. Use `tracker_coalesce_strip()` instead.

This function iterates through a series of string pointers passed using @... and returns the first which is not `NULL`, not empty (i.e. "") and not comprised of one or more spaces (i.e. " ").

The returned value is stripped using `g_strstrip()`. All other values supplied are freed. It is MOST important NOT to pass constant string pointers to this function!

`n_values` : | the number of `Varargs` supplied
`...` : | the string pointers to coalesce
Returns : | the first string pointer from those provided which matches, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 0.8

### tracker_coalesce_strip ()

    const gchar *       tracker_coalesce_strip              (gint n_values,
                                                             ...);

This function iterates through a series of string pointers passed using @... and returns the first which is not `NULL`, not empty (i.e. "") and not comprised of one or more spaces (i.e. " ").

The returned value is stripped using `g_strstrip()`. It is MOST important NOT to pass constant string pointers to this function!

`n_values` : | the number of @... supplied
`...` : | the string pointers to coalesce
Returns : | the first string pointer from those provided which matches, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 0.10

### tracker_merge ()

    gchar *             tracker_merge                       (const gchar *delimiter,
                                                             gint n_values,
                                                             ...);

### Warning

`tracker_merge` has been deprecated since version 0.10 and should not be used in newly-written code. Use `tracker_merge_const()` instead.

This function iterates through a series of string pointers passed using @... and returns a newly allocated string of the merged strings. All passed strings are freed (don't pass const values)/

The `delimiter` can be `NULL`. If specified, it will be used in between each merged string in the result.

`delimiter` : | the delimiter to use when merging
`n_values` : | the number of @... supplied
`...` : | the string pointers to merge
Returns : | a newly-allocated string holding the result which should be freed with `g_free()` when finished with, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 0.8

### tracker_merge_const ()

    gchar *             tracker_merge_const                 (const gchar *delimiter,
                                                             gint n_values,
                                                             ...);

This function iterates through a series of string pointers passed using @... and returns a newly allocated string of the merged strings.

The `delimiter` can be `NULL`. If specified, it will be used in between each merged string in the result.

`delimiter` : | the delimiter to use when merging
`n_values` : | the number of @... supplied
`...` : | the string pointers to merge
Returns : | a newly-allocated string holding the result which should be freed with `g_free()` when finished with, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 0.10

### tracker_getline ()

    gssize              tracker_getline                     (gchar **lineptr,
                                                             gsize *n,
                                                             FILE *stream);

Reads an entire line from stream, storing the address of the buffer containing the text into *lineptr. The buffer is null-terminated and includes the newline character, if one was found.

Read GNU `getline()`'s manpage for more information

`lineptr` : | Buffer to write into
`n` : | Max bytes of linebuf
`stream` : | Filestream to read from
Returns : | the number of characters read, including the delimiter character, but not including the terminating `NULL` byte. This value can be used to handle embedded `NULL` bytes in the line read. Upon failure, -1 is returned.

Since 0.10

### tracker_text_normalize ()

    gchar *             tracker_text_normalize              (const gchar *text,
                                                             guint max_words,
                                                             guint *n_words);

### Warning

`tracker_text_normalize` has been deprecated since version 0.10 and should not be used in newly-written code. Use `tracker_text_validate_utf8()` instead.

This function iterates through `text` checking for UTF-8 validity using `g_utf8_get_char_validated()`. For each character found, the `GUnicodeType` is checked to make sure it is one fo the following values:

- `G_UNICODE_LOWERCASE_LETTER`

- `G_UNICODE_MODIFIER_LETTER`

- `G_UNICODE_OTHER_LETTER`

- `G_UNICODE_TITLECASE_LETTER`

- `G_UNICODE_UPPERCASE_LETTER`

All other symbols, punctuation, marks, numbers and separators are stripped. A regular space (i.e. " ") is used to separate the words in the returned string.

The `n_words` can be `NULL`. If specified, it will be populated with the number of words that were normalized in the result.

`text` : | the text to normalize
`max_words` : | the maximum words of `text` to normalize
`n_words` : | the number of words actually normalized
Returns : | a newly-allocated string holding the result which should be freed with `g_free()` when finished with, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 0.8

### tracker_text_validate_utf8 ()

    gboolean            tracker_text_validate_utf8          (const gchar *text,
                                                             gssize text_len,
                                                             GString **str,
                                                             gsize *valid_len);

This function iterates through `text` checking for UTF-8 validity using `g_utf8_validate()`, appends the first chunk of valid characters to `str`, and gives the number of valid UTF-8 bytes in `valid_len`.

`text` : | the text to validate
`text_len` : | length of `text`, or -1 if NUL-terminated
`str` : | the string where to place the validated UTF-8 characters, or `NULL` if not needed.
`valid_len` : | Output number of valid UTF-8 bytes found, or `NULL` if not needed
Returns : | `TRUE` if some bytes were found to be valid, `FALSE` otherwise.

Since 0.10

### tracker_date_format_to_iso8601 ()

    gchar *             tracker_date_format_to_iso8601      (const gchar *date_string,
                                                             const gchar *format);

This function uses `strptime()` to create a time tm structure using `date_string` and `format`.

`date_string` : | the date in a string pointer
`format` : | the format of the `date_string`
Returns : | a newly-allocated string with the time represented in ISO8601 date format which should be freed with `g_free()` when finished with, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 0.8

### tracker_date_guess ()

    gchar *             tracker_date_guess                  (const gchar *date_string);

This function uses a number of methods to try and guess the date held in `date_string`. The `date_string` must be at least 5 characters in length or longer for any guessing to be attempted. Some of the string formats guessed include:

- "YYYY-MM-DD" (Simple format)

- "20050315113224-08'00'" (PDF format)

- "20050216111533Z" (PDF format)

- "Mon Feb 9 10:10:00 2004" (Microsoft Office format)

- "2005:04:29 14:56:54" (Exif format)

- "YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ff+zz:zz

`date_string` : | the date in a string pointer
Returns : | a newly-allocated string with the time represented in ISO8601 date format which should be freed with `g_free()` when finished with, otherwise `NULL`.

Since 0.8

### tracker_keywords_parse ()

    void                tracker_keywords_parse              (GPtrArray *store,
                                                             const gchar *keywords);

Parses a keywords line into store, avoiding duplicates and stripping leading and trailing spaces from keywords. Allowed delimiters are , and ;

`store` : | Array where to store the keywords
`keywords` : | Keywords line to parse

Since 0.10