AIREPLAY-NG(1)             OpenBSD Reference Manual             AIREPLAY-NG(1)



NAME
       aireplay-ng - inject packets into a wireless network to generate
       traffic

SYNOPSIS
       aireplay-ng [options] <replay interface>

DESCRIPTION
       aireplay-ng is used to inject/replay frames.  The primary function is
       to generate traffic for the later use in aircrack-ng for cracking the
       WEP and WPA-PSK keys. There are different attacks which can cause
       deauthentications for the purpose of capturing WPA handshake data, fake
       authentications, Interactive packet replay, hand-crafted ARP request
       injection and ARP-request reinjection. With the packetforge-ng tool
       it's possible to create arbitrary frames.

       aireplay-ng supports single-NIC injection/monitor.
       This feature needs driver patching.

OPTIONS
       -H, --help
              Shows the help screen.

       Filter options:

       -b <bssid>
              MAC address of access point.

       -d <dmac>
              MAC address of destination.

       -s <smac>
              MAC address of source.

       -m <len>
              Minimum packet length.

       -n <len>
              Maximum packet length.

       -u <type>
              Frame control, type field.

       -v <subt>
              Frame control, subtype field.

       -t <tods>
              Frame control, "To" DS bit (0 or 1).

       -f <fromds>
              Frame control, "From" DS bit (0 or 1).

       -w <iswep>
              Frame control, WEP bit (0 or 1).

       -D     Disable AP Detection.

       Replay options:

       -x <nbpps>
              Number of packets per second.

       -p <fctrl>
              Set frame control word (hex).

       -a <bssid>
              Set Access Point MAC address.

       -c <dmac>
              Set destination MAC address.

       -h <smac>
              Set source MAC address.

       -g <nb_packets>
              Change ring buffer size (default: 8 packets). The minimum is 1.

       -F     Choose first matching packet.

       -e <essid>
              Fake Authentication attack: Set target SSID (see below). For
              SSID containing special characters, see http://www.aircrack-
              ng.org/doku.php?id=faq#how_to_use_spaces_double_quote_and_single_quote_etc._in_ap_names

       -o <npackets>
              Fake Authentication attack: Set the number of packets for every
              authentication and association attempt (Default: 1). 0 means
              auto

       -q <seconds>
              Fake Authentication attack: Set the time between keep-alive
              packets in fake authentication mode.

       -y <prga>
              Fake Authentication attack: Specifies the keystream file for
              fake shared key authentication.

       -T n   Fake Authentication attack: Exit if fake authentication fails
              'n' time(s).

       -j     ARP Replay attack : inject FromDS pakets (see below).

       -k <IP>
              Fragmentation attack: Set destination IP in fragments.

       -l <IP>
              Fragmentation attack: Set source IP in fragments.

       -B     Test option: bitrate test.

       Source options:

       -i <iface>
              Capture packets from this interface.

       -r <file>
              Extract packets from this pcap file.

       Miscellaneous options:

       -R     disable /dev/rtc usage.

       Attack modes:

       -0 <count>, --deauth=<count>
              This attack sends deauthentication packets to one or more
              clients which are currently associated with a particular access
              point. Deauthenticating clients can be done for a number of
              reasons: Recovering a hidden ESSID. This is an ESSID which is
              not being broadcast. Another term for this is "cloaked" or
              Capturing WPA/WPA2 handshakes by forcing clients to
              reauthenticate or Generate ARP requests (Windows clients
              sometimes flush their ARP cache when disconnected).  Of course,
              this attack is totally useless if there are no associated
              wireless client or on fake authentications.

       -1 <delay>, --fakeauth=<delay>
              The fake authentication attack allows you to perform the two
              types of WEP authentication (Open System and Shared Key) plus
              associate with the access point (AP). This is useful is only
              useful when you need an associated MAC address in various
              aireplay-ng attacks and there is currently no associated client.
              It should be noted that the fake authentication attack does NOT
              generate any ARP packets. Fake authentication cannot be used to
              authenticate/associate with WPA/WPA2 Access Points.

       -2, --interactive
              This attack allows you to choose a specific packet for replaying
              (injecting). The attack can obtain packets to replay from two
              sources. The first being a live flow of packets from your
              wireless card. The second being from a pcap file. Reading from a
              file is an often overlooked feature of aireplay-ng. This allows
              you read packets from other capture sessions or quite often,
              various attacks generate pcap files for easy reuse. A common use
              of reading a file containing a packet your created with
              packetforge-ng.

       -3, --arpreplay
              The classic ARP request replay attack is the most effective way
              to generate new initialization vectors (IVs), and works very
              reliably. The program listens for an ARP packet then retransmits
              it back to the access point. This, in turn, causes the access
              point to repeat the ARP packet with a new IV. The program
              retransmits the same ARP packet over and over. However, each ARP
              packet repeated by the access point has a new IVs. It is all
              these new IVs which allow you to determine the WEP key.

       -4, --chopchop
              This attack, when successful, can decrypt a WEP data packet
              without knowing the key. It can even work against dynamic WEP.
              This attack does not recover the WEP key itself, but merely
              reveals the plaintext. However, some access points are not
              vulnerable to this attack. Some may seem vulnerable at first but
              actually drop data packets shorter that 60 bytes. If the access
              point drops packets shorter than 42 bytes, aireplay tries to
              guess the rest of the missing data, as far as the headers are
              predictable. If an IP packet is captured, it additionally checks
              if the checksum of the header is correct after guessing the
              missing parts of it. This attack requires at least one WEP data
              packet.

       -5, --fragment
              This attack, when successful, can obtain 1500 bytes of PRGA
              (pseudo random generation algorithm). This attack does not
              recover the WEP key itself, but merely obtains the PRGA. The
              PRGA can then be used to generate packets with packetforge-ng
              which are in turn used for various injection attacks. It
              requires at least one data packet to be received from the access
              point in order to initiate the attack.

       -6, --caffe-latte
              In general, for an attack to work, the attacker has to be in the
              range of an AP and a connected client (fake or real). Caffe
              Latte attacks allows to gather enough packets to crack a WEP key
              without the need of an AP, it just need a client to be in range.

       -7, --cfrag
              This attack turns IP or ARP packets from a client into ARP
              request against the client. This attack works especially well
              against ad-hoc networks. As well it can be used against softAP
              clients and normal AP clients.

       -9, --test
              Tests injection and quality.

FRAGMENTATION VERSUS CHOPCHOP
       Fragmentation:


              Pros
              - Can obtain the full packet length of 1500 bytes XOR. This
              means you can subsequently pretty well create any size of
              packet.
              - May work where chopchop does not
              - Is extremely fast. It yields the XOR stream extremely quickly
              when successful.


              Cons
              - Setup to execute the attack is more subject to the device
              drivers. For example, Atheros does not generate the correct
              packets unless the wireless card is set to the mac address you
              are spoofing.
              - You need to be physically closer to the access point since if
              any packets are lost then the attack fails.

       Chopchop


              Pro
              - May work where frag does not work.


              Cons
              - Cannot be used against every access point.
              - The maximum XOR bits is limited to the length of the packet
              you chopchop against.
              - Much slower then the fragmentation attack.

AUTHOR
       This manual page was written by Adam Cecile <gandalf@le-vert.net> for
       the Debian system (but may be used by others).  Permission is granted
       to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the
       GNU General Public License, Version 2 or any later version published by
       the Free Software Foundation On Debian systems, the complete text of
       the GNU General Public License can be found in /usr/share/common-
       licenses/GPL.

SEE ALSO
       airbase-ng(1)
       aircrack-ng(1)
       airdecap-ng(1)
       airdecloak-ng(1)
       airdriver-ng(1)
       airmon-ng(1)
       airodump-ng(1)
       airolib-ng(1)
       airserv-ng(1)
       airtun-ng(1)
       buddy-ng(1)
       easside-ng(1)
       ivstools(1)
       kstats(1)
       makeivs-ng(1)
       packetforge-ng(1)
       tkiptun-ng(1)
       wesside-ng(1)



Version 1.1                       April 2010                    AIREPLAY-NG(1)
