LilyPond Notation Reference: A.9.2 Align

### A.9.2 Align

`\center-align` arg (markup)

  Align `arg` to its X center.

  >     \markup {
  >       \column {
  >         one
  >         \center-align
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

`\center-column` args (markup list)

  Put `args` in a centered column.

  >     \markup {
  >       \center-column {
  >         one
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `baseline-skip`
`\column` args (markup list)

  Stack the markups in args vertically. The property `baseline-skip` determines the space between markups in args.

  >     \markup {
  >       \column {
  >         one
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `baseline-skip`
`\combine` arg1 (markup) arg2 (markup)

  Print two markups on top of each other.

  Note: `\combine` cannot take a list of markups enclosed in curly braces as an argument; the follow example will not compile:

  >     \combine { a list }

  >     \markup {
  >       \fontsize #5
  >       \override #'(thickness . 2)
  >       \combine
  >         \draw-line #'(0 . 4)
  >         \arrow-head #Y #DOWN ##f
  >     }

`\concat` args (markup list)

  Concatenate args in a horizontal line, without spaces in between. Strings and simple markups are concatenated on the input level, allowing ligatures. For example, `\concat { "f" \simple #"i" }` is equivalent to `"fi"`.

  >     \markup {
  >       \concat {
  >         one
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

`\dir-column` args (markup list)

  Make a column of args, going up or down, depending on the setting of the `direction` layout property.

  >     \markup {
  >       \override #`(direction . ,UP) {
  >         \dir-column {
  >           going up
  >         }
  >       }
  >       \hspace #1
  >       \dir-column {
  >         going down
  >       }
  >       \hspace #1
  >       \override #'(direction . 1) {
  >         \dir-column {
  >           going up
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `baseline-skip`
  - `direction`
`\fill-line` args (markup list)

  Put markups in a horizontal line of width line-width. The markups are spaced or flushed to fill the entire line. If there are no arguments, return an empty stencil.

  >     \markup {
  >       \column {
  >         \fill-line {
  >           Words evenly spaced across the page
  >         }
  >         \null
  >         \fill-line {
  >           \line { Text markups }
  >           \line {
  >             \italic { evenly spaced }
  >           }
  >           \line { across the page }
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `line-width` (#f)
  - `word-space` (0.6)
  - `text-direction` (1)
`\fill-with-pattern` space (number) dir (direction) pattern (markup) left (markup) right (markup)

  Put left and right in a horizontal line of width `line-width` with a line of markups pattern in between. Patterns are spaced apart by space. Patterns are aligned to the dir markup.

  >     \markup \column {
  >       "right-aligned :"
  >       \fill-with-pattern #1 #RIGHT . first right
  >       \fill-with-pattern #1 #RIGHT . second right
  >       \null
  >       "center-aligned :"
  >       \fill-with-pattern #1.5 #CENTER - left right
  >       \null
  >       "left-aligned :"
  >       \override #'(line-width . 50) \fill-with-pattern #2 #LEFT : left first
  >       \override #'(line-width . 50) \fill-with-pattern #2 #LEFT : left second
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `line-width`
  - `word-space`
`\general-align` axis (integer) dir (number) arg (markup)

  Align arg in axis direction to the dir side.

  >     \markup {
  >       \column {
  >         one
  >         \general-align #X #LEFT
  >         two
  >         three
  >         \null
  >         one
  >         \general-align #X #CENTER
  >         two
  >         three
  >         \null
  >         \line {
  >           one
  >           \general-align #Y #UP
  >           two
  >           three
  >         }
  >         \null
  >         \line {
  >           one
  >           \general-align #Y #3.2
  >           two
  >           three
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

`\halign` dir (number) arg (markup)

  Set horizontal alignment. If dir is `-1`, then it is left-aligned, while `+1` is right. Values in between interpolate alignment accordingly.

  >     \markup {
  >       \column {
  >         one
  >         \halign #LEFT
  >         two
  >         three
  >         \null
  >         one
  >         \halign #CENTER
  >         two
  >         three
  >         \null
  >         one
  >         \halign #RIGHT
  >         two
  >         three
  >         \null
  >         one
  >         \halign #-5
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

`\hcenter-in` length (number) arg (markup)

  Center arg horizontally within a box of extending length/2 to the left and right.

  >     \new StaffGroup <<
  >       \new Staff {
  >         \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
  >           \hcenter-in #12
  >           Oboe
  >         }
  >         c''1
  >       }
  >       \new Staff {
  >         \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
  >           \hcenter-in #12
  >           Bassoon
  >         }
  >         \clef tenor
  >         c'1
  >       }
  >     >>

`\hspace` amount (number)

  Create an invisible object taking up horizontal space amount.

  >     \markup {
  >       one
  >       \hspace #2
  >       two
  >       \hspace #8
  >       three
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `word-space`
`\justify-field` symbol (symbol)

  Justify the data which has been assigned to symbol.

  >     \header {
  >       title = "My title"
  >       myText = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing
  >         elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
  >         aliqua.  Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
  >         laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat."
  >     }

  >     \paper {
  >       bookTitleMarkup = \markup {
  >         \column {
  >           \fill-line { \fromproperty #'header:title }
  >           \null
  >           \justify-field #'header:myText
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

  >     \markup {
  >       \null
  >     }

`\justify` args (markup list)

  Like `\wordwrap`, but with lines stretched to justify the margins. Use `\override #'(line-width . X)` to set the line width; X is the number of staff spaces.

  >     \markup {
  >       \justify {
  >         Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed
  >         do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
  >         Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
  >         laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `text-direction` (1)
  - `word-space`
  - `line-width` (#f)
  - `baseline-skip`
`\justify-string` arg (string)

  Justify a string. Paragraphs may be separated with double newlines

  >     \markup {
  >       \override #'(line-width . 40)
  >       \justify-string #"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
  >           adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
  >           et dolore magna aliqua.

  >           Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
  >           laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

  >           Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa
  >           qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum"
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `text-direction` (1)
  - `word-space`
  - `line-width`
  - `baseline-skip`
`\left-align` arg (markup)

  Align arg on its left edge.

  >     \markup {
  >       \column {
  >         one
  >         \left-align
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

`\left-column` args (markup list)

  Put `args` in a left-aligned column.

  >     \markup {
  >       \left-column {
  >         one
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `baseline-skip`
`\line` args (markup list)

  Put args in a horizontal line. The property `word-space` determines the space between markups in args.

  >     \markup {
  >       \line {
  >         one two three
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `text-direction` (1)
  - `word-space`
`\lower` amount (number) arg (markup)

  Lower arg by the distance amount. A negative amount indicates raising; see also `\raise`.

  >     \markup {
  >       one
  >       \lower #3
  >       two
  >       three
  >     }

`\pad-around` amount (number) arg (markup)

  Add padding amount all around arg.

  >     \markup {
  >       \box {
  >         default
  >       }
  >       \hspace #2
  >       \box {
  >         \pad-around #0.5 {
  >           padded
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

`\pad-markup` amount (number) arg (markup)

  Add space around a markup object.

  >     \markup {
  >       \box {
  >         default
  >       }
  >       \hspace #2
  >       \box {
  >         \pad-markup #1 {
  >           padded
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

`\pad-to-box` x-ext (pair of numbers) y-ext (pair of numbers) arg (markup)

  Make arg take at least x-ext, y-ext space.

  >     \markup {
  >       \box {
  >         default
  >       }
  >       \hspace #4
  >       \box {
  >         \pad-to-box #'(0 . 10) #'(0 . 3) {
  >           padded
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

`\pad-x` amount (number) arg (markup)

  Add padding amount around arg in the X direction.

  >     \markup {
  >       \box {
  >         default
  >       }
  >       \hspace #4
  >       \box {
  >         \pad-x #2 {
  >           padded
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

`\put-adjacent` axis (integer) dir (direction) arg1 (markup) arg2 (markup)

  Put arg2 next to arg1, without moving arg1.

`\raise` amount (number) arg (markup)

  Raise arg by the distance amount. A negative amount indicates lowering, see also `\lower`.

  The argument to `\raise` is the vertical displacement amount, measured in (global) staff spaces. `\raise` and `\super` raise objects in relation to their surrounding markups.

  If the text object itself is positioned above or below the staff, then `\raise` cannot be used to move it, since the mechanism that positions it next to the staff cancels any shift made with `\raise`. For vertical positioning, use the `padding` and/or `extra-offset` properties.

  >     \markup {
  >       C
  >       \small
  >       \bold
  >       \raise #1.0
  >       9/7+
  >     }

`\right-align` arg (markup)

  Align arg on its right edge.

  >     \markup {
  >       \column {
  >         one
  >         \right-align
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

`\right-column` args (markup list)

  Put `args` in a right-aligned column.

  >     \markup {
  >       \right-column {
  >         one
  >         two
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `baseline-skip`
`\rotate` ang (number) arg (markup)

  Rotate object with ang degrees around its center.

  >     \markup {
  >       default
  >       \hspace #2
  >       \rotate #45
  >       \line {
  >         rotated 45°
  >       }
  >     }

`\translate` offset (pair of numbers) arg (markup)

  Translate arg relative to its surroundings. offset is a pair of numbers representing the displacement in the X and Y axis.

  >     \markup {
  >       *
  >       \translate #'(2 . 3)
  >       \line { translated two spaces right, three up }
  >     }

`\translate-scaled` offset (pair of numbers) arg (markup)

  Translate arg by offset, scaling the offset by the `font-size`.

  >     \markup {
  >       \fontsize #5 {
  >         * \translate #'(2 . 3) translate
  >         \hspace #2
  >         * \translate-scaled #'(2 . 3) translate-scaled
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `font-size` (0)
`\vcenter` arg (markup)

  Align `arg` to its Y center.

  >     \markup {
  >       one
  >       \vcenter
  >       two
  >       three
  >     }

`\vspace` amount (number)

  Create an invisible object taking up vertical space of amount multiplied by 3.

  >     \markup {
  >         \center-column {
  >         one
  >         \vspace #2
  >         two
  >         \vspace #5
  >         three
  >       }
  >     }

`\wordwrap-field` symbol (symbol)

  Wordwrap the data which has been assigned to symbol.

  >     \header {
  >       title = "My title"
  >       myText = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing
  >         elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
  >         aliqua.  Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
  >         laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat."
  >     }

  >     \paper {
  >       bookTitleMarkup = \markup {
  >         \column {
  >           \fill-line { \fromproperty #'header:title }
  >           \null
  >           \wordwrap-field #'header:myText
  >         }
  >       }
  >     }

  >     \markup {
  >       \null
  >     }

`\wordwrap` args (markup list)

  Simple wordwrap. Use `\override #'(line-width . X)` to set the line width, where X is the number of staff spaces.

  >     \markup {
  >       \wordwrap {
  >         Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed
  >         do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
  >         Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
  >         laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
  >       }
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `text-direction` (1)
  - `word-space`
  - `line-width` (#f)
  - `baseline-skip`
`\wordwrap-string` arg (string)

  Wordwrap a string. Paragraphs may be separated with double newlines.

  >     \markup {
  >       \override #'(line-width . 40)
  >       \wordwrap-string #"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
  >           adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore
  >           et dolore magna aliqua.

  >           Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
  >           laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

  >           Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa
  >           qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum"
  >     }

  Used properties:

  - `text-direction` (1)
  - `word-space`
  - `line-width`
  - `baseline-skip`

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