Příručka k učení se: A.4 Vokální soubor

## A.4 Vokální soubor

### A.4.1 Notový zápis SATB

Here is a standard four-part SATB vocal score. With larger ensembles, it is often useful to include a section which is included in all parts. For example, the time signature and key signature are almost always the same for all parts. Like in the „Hymn“ template, the four voices are regrouped on only two staves.

>     \paper {
>       top-system-spacing #'basic-distance = #10
>       score-system-spacing #'basic-distance = #20
>       system-system-spacing #'basic-distance = #20
>       last-bottom-spacing #'basic-distance = #10
>     }

>     global = {
>       \key c \major
>       \time 4/4
>     }

>     sopMusic = \relative c'' {
>       c4 c c8[( b)] c4
>     }
>     sopWords = \lyricmode {
>       hi hi hi hi
>     }

>     altoMusic = \relative c' {
>       e4 f d e
>     }
>     altoWords = \lyricmode {
>       ha ha ha ha
>     }

>     tenorMusic = \relative c' {
>       g4 a f g
>     }
>     tenorWords = \lyricmode {
>       hu hu hu hu
>     }

>     bassMusic = \relative c {
>       c4 c g c
>     }
>     bassWords = \lyricmode {
>       ho ho ho ho
>     }

>     \score {
>       \new ChoirStaff <<
>         \new Lyrics = "sopranos" \with {
>           % this is needed for lyrics above a staff
>           \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #DOWN
>         }
>         \new Staff = "women" <<
>           \new Voice = "sopranos" {
>             \voiceOne
>             << \global \sopMusic >>
>           }
>           \new Voice = "altos" {
>             \voiceTwo
>             << \global \altoMusic >>
>           }
>         >>
>         \new Lyrics = "altos"
>         \new Lyrics = "tenors" \with {
>           % this is needed for lyrics above a staff
>           \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #DOWN
>         }
>         \new Staff = "men" <<
>           \clef bass
>           \new Voice = "tenors" {
>             \voiceOne
>             << \global \tenorMusic >>
>           }
>           \new Voice = "basses" {
>             \voiceTwo << \global \bassMusic >>
>           }
>         >>
>         \new Lyrics = "basses"
>         \context Lyrics = "sopranos" \lyricsto "sopranos" \sopWords
>         \context Lyrics = "altos" \lyricsto "altos" \altoWords
>         \context Lyrics = "tenors" \lyricsto "tenors" \tenorWords
>         \context Lyrics = "basses" \lyricsto "basses" \bassWords
>       >>
>     }

### A.4.2 Notový zápis SATB a automatický klavírní výtah

This template adds an automatic piano reduction to the standard SATB vocal score demonstrated in „Vocal ensemble template“. This demonstrates one of the strengths of LilyPond – you can use a music definition more than once. If any changes are made to the vocal notes (say, `tenorMusic`), then the changes will also apply to the piano reduction.

>     \paper {
>       top-system-spacing #'basic-distance = #10
>       score-system-spacing #'basic-distance = #20
>       system-system-spacing #'basic-distance = #20
>       last-bottom-spacing #'basic-distance = #10
>     }

>     global = {
>       \key c \major
>       \time 4/4
>     }

>     sopMusic = \relative c'' {
>       c4 c c8[( b)] c4
>     }
>     sopWords = \lyricmode {
>       hi hi hi hi
>     }

>     altoMusic = \relative c' {
>       e4 f d e
>     }
>     altoWords =\lyricmode {
>       ha ha ha ha
>     }

>     tenorMusic = \relative c' {
>       g4 a f g
>     }
>     tenorWords = \lyricmode {
>       hu hu hu hu
>     }

>     bassMusic = \relative c {
>       c4 c g c
>     }
>     bassWords = \lyricmode {
>       ho ho ho ho
>     }

>     \score {
>       <<
>         \new ChoirStaff <<
>           \new Lyrics = "sopranos" \with {
>             % This is needed for lyrics above a staff
>             \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #DOWN
>           }
>           \new Staff = "women" <<
>             \new Voice = "sopranos" { \voiceOne << \global \sopMusic >> }
>             \new Voice = "altos" { \voiceTwo << \global \altoMusic >> }
>           >>
>           \new Lyrics = "altos"
>           \new Lyrics = "tenors" \with {
>             % This is needed for lyrics above a staff
>             \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #DOWN
>           }

>           \new Staff = "men" <<
>             \clef bass
>             \new Voice = "tenors" { \voiceOne << \global \tenorMusic >> }
>             \new Voice = "basses" { \voiceTwo << \global \bassMusic >> }
>           >>
>           \new Lyrics = "basses"
>           \context Lyrics = "sopranos" \lyricsto "sopranos" \sopWords
>           \context Lyrics = "altos" \lyricsto "altos" \altoWords
>           \context Lyrics = "tenors" \lyricsto "tenors" \tenorWords
>           \context Lyrics = "basses" \lyricsto "basses" \bassWords
>         >>
>         \new PianoStaff <<
>           \new Staff <<
>             \set Staff.printPartCombineTexts = ##f
>             \partcombine
>             << \global \sopMusic >>
>             << \global \altoMusic >>
>           >>
>           \new Staff <<
>             \clef bass
>             \set Staff.printPartCombineTexts = ##f
>             \partcombine
>             << \global \tenorMusic >>
>             << \global \bassMusic >>
>           >>
>         >>
>       >>
>     }

### A.4.3 SATB s příslušnými prostředími

This template is basically the same as the simple „Vocal ensemble“ template, with the exception that here all the lyrics lines are placed using `alignAboveContext` and `alignBelowContext`.

>     global = {
>       \key c \major
>       \time 4/4
>     }

>     sopMusic = \relative c'' {
>       c4 c c8[( b)] c4
>     }
>     sopWords = \lyricmode {
>       hi hi hi hi
>     }

>     altoMusic = \relative c' {
>       e4 f d e
>     }
>     altoWords = \lyricmode {
>       ha ha ha ha
>     }

>     tenorMusic = \relative c' {
>       g4 a f g
>     }
>     tenorWords = \lyricmode {
>       hu hu hu hu
>     }

>     bassMusic = \relative c {
>       c4 c g c
>     }
>     bassWords = \lyricmode {
>       ho ho ho ho
>     }

>     \score {
>       \new ChoirStaff <<
>         \new Staff = "women" <<
>           \new Voice = "sopranos" { \voiceOne << \global \sopMusic >> }
>           \new Voice = "altos" { \voiceTwo << \global \altoMusic >> }
>         >>
>         \new Lyrics \with { alignAboveContext = #"women" } \lyricsto "sopranos" \sopWords
>         \new Lyrics \with { alignBelowContext = #"women" } \lyricsto "altos" \altoWords
>         % we could remove the line about this with the line below, since we want
>         % the alto lyrics to be below the alto Voice anyway.
>         % \new Lyrics \lyricsto "altos" \altoWords

>         \new Staff = "men" <<
>           \clef bass
>           \new Voice = "tenors" { \voiceOne << \global \tenorMusic >> }
>           \new Voice = "basses" { \voiceTwo << \global \bassMusic >> }
>         >>
>         \new Lyrics \with { alignAboveContext = #"men" } \lyricsto "tenors" \tenorWords
>         \new Lyrics \with { alignBelowContext = #"men" } \lyricsto "basses" \bassWords
>         % again, we could replace the line above this with the line below.
>         % \new Lyrics \lyricsto "basses" \bassWords
>       >>
>     }

### A.4.4 Sólový zpěv a dvojhlasný refrén

This template creates a score which starts with a solo verse and continues into a refrain for two voices. It also demonstrates the use of spacer rests within the `\global` variable to define meter changes (and other elements common to all parts) throughout the entire score.

>     global = {
>       \key g \major

>       % verse
>       \time 3/4
>       s2.*2
>       \break

>       % refrain
>       \time 2/4
>       s2*2
>       \bar "|."
>     }

>     SoloNotes = \relative g' {
>       \clef "treble"

>       % verse
>       g4 g g |
>       b4 b b |

>       % refrain
>       R2*2 |
>     }

>     SoloLyrics = \lyricmode {
>       One two three |
>       four five six |
>     }

>     SopranoNotes = \relative c'' {
>       \clef "treble"

>       % verse
>       R2.*2 |

>       % refrain
>       c4 c |
>       g4 g |
>     }

>     SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode {
>       la la |
>       la la |
>     }

>     BassNotes = \relative c {
>       \clef "bass"

>       % verse
>       R2.*2 |

>       % refrain
>       c4 e |
>       d4 d |
>     }

>     BassLyrics = \lyricmode {
>       dum dum |
>       dum dum |
>     }

>     \score {
>       <<
>         \new Voice = "SoloVoice" << \global \SoloNotes >>
>         \new Lyrics \lyricsto "SoloVoice" \SoloLyrics

>         \new ChoirStaff <<
>           \new Voice = "SopranoVoice" << \global \SopranoNotes >>
>           \new Lyrics \lyricsto "SopranoVoice" \SopranoLyrics

>           \new Voice = "BassVoice" << \global \BassNotes >>
>           \new Lyrics \lyricsto "BassVoice" \BassLyrics
>         >>
>       >>
>       \layout {
>         ragged-right = ##t
>         \context { \Staff
>           % these lines prevent empty staves from being printed
>           \RemoveEmptyStaves
>           \override VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
>         }
>       }
>     }

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