/**********************************************************************
 * $Id: Angle.h 2809 2009-12-06 01:05:24Z mloskot $
 *
 * GEOS - Geometry Engine Open Source
 * http://geos.refractions.net
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2009  Sandro Santilli <strk@keybit.net>
 *
 * This is free software; you can redistribute and/or modify it under
 * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public Licence as published
 * by the Free Software Foundation. 
 * See the COPYING file for more information.
 *
 **********************************************************************
 *
 * Last port: algorithm/Angle.java rev. 1.6 (JTS-1.9)
 *
 **********************************************************************/

#ifndef GEOS_ALGORITHM_ANGLE_H
#define GEOS_ALGORITHM_ANGLE_H

#include <geos/algorithm/CGAlgorithms.h> // for constants

// Forward declarations
namespace geos {
	namespace geom {
		class Coordinate;
	}
}

namespace geos {
namespace algorithm { // geos::algorithm

/// Utility functions for working with angles.
//
/// Unless otherwise noted, methods in this class express angles in radians.
///
class Angle
{
public:

	static const double PI_TIMES_2; // 2.0 * PI;
	static const double PI_OVER_2; // PI / 2.0;
	static const double PI_OVER_4; // PI / 4.0;

	/// Constant representing counterclockwise orientation
	static const int COUNTERCLOCKWISE = CGAlgorithms::COUNTERCLOCKWISE;

	/// Constant representing clockwise orientation 
	static const int CLOCKWISE = CGAlgorithms::CLOCKWISE;

	/// Constant representing no orientation 
	static const int NONE = CGAlgorithms::COLLINEAR;

	/// Converts from radians to degrees.
	//
	/// @param radians an angle in radians
	/// @return the angle in degrees
	///
	static double toDegrees(double radians);

	/// Converts from degrees to radians.
	//
	/// @param angleDegrees an angle in degrees
	/// @return the angle in radians
	///
	static double toRadians(double angleDegrees);

	/// \brief
	/// Returns the angle of the vector from p0 to p1,
	/// relative to the positive X-axis.
	//
	/// The angle is normalized to be in the range [ -Pi, Pi ].
	///
	/// @return the normalized angle (in radians) that p0-p1 makes
	///         with the positive x-axis.
	///
	static double angle(const geom::Coordinate& p0,
	                    const geom::Coordinate& p1);

	/// \brief
	/// Returns the angle that the vector from (0,0) to p,
	/// relative to the positive X-axis.
	//
	/// The angle is normalized to be in the range ( -Pi, Pi ].
	///
	/// @return the normalized angle (in radians) that p makes
	///          with the positive x-axis.
	///
	static double angle(const geom::Coordinate& p);

	/// Tests whether the angle between p0-p1-p2 is acute.
	//
	/// An angle is acute if it is less than 90 degrees.
	/// 
	/// Note: this implementation is not precise (determistic) for
	///       angles very close to 90 degrees.
	///
	/// @param p0 an endpoint of the angle
	/// @param p1 the base of the angle
	/// @param p2 the other endpoint of the angle
	///
	static bool isAcute(const geom::Coordinate& p0,
	                    const geom::Coordinate& p1,
	                    const geom::Coordinate& p2);

	/// Tests whether the angle between p0-p1-p2 is obtuse.
	//
	/// An angle is obtuse if it is greater than 90 degrees.
	/// 
	/// Note: this implementation is not precise (determistic) for
	///       angles very close to 90 degrees.
	///
	/// @param p0 an endpoint of the angle
	/// @param p1 the base of the angle
	/// @param p2 the other endpoint of the angle
	///
	static bool isObtuse(const geom::Coordinate& p0,
	                     const geom::Coordinate& p1,
	                     const geom::Coordinate& p2);

	/// Returns the unoriented smallest angle between two vectors.
	//
	/// The computed angle will be in the range [0, Pi).
	///
	/// @param tip1 the tip of one vector
	/// @param tail the tail of each vector
	/// @param tip2 the tip of the other vector
	/// @return the angle between tail-tip1 and tail-tip2
	///
	static double angleBetween(const geom::Coordinate& tip1,
	                           const geom::Coordinate& tail,
	                           const geom::Coordinate& tip2);

	/// Returns the oriented smallest angle between two vectors.
	//
	/// The computed angle will be in the range (-Pi, Pi].
	/// A positive result corresponds to a counterclockwise rotation
	/// from v1 to v2;
	/// a negative result corresponds to a clockwise rotation.
	///
	/// @param tip1 the tip of v1
	/// @param tail the tail of each vector
	/// @param tip2 the tip of v2
	/// @return the angle between v1 and v2, relative to v1
	///
	static double angleBetweenOriented(const geom::Coordinate& tip1,
	                                   const geom::Coordinate& tail,
	                                   const geom::Coordinate& tip2);

	/// Computes the interior angle between two segments of a ring.
	//
	/// The ring is assumed to be oriented in a clockwise direction.
	/// The computed angle will be in the range [0, 2Pi]
	///
	/// @param p0
	///          a point of the ring
	/// @param p1
	///          the next point of the ring
	/// @param p2
	///          the next point of the ring
	/// @return the interior angle based at <code>p1</code>
	///
	static double interiorAngle(const geom::Coordinate& p0,
	                            const geom::Coordinate& p1,
	                            const geom::Coordinate& p2);

	/// \brief
	/// Returns whether an angle must turn clockwise or counterclockwise
	/// to overlap another angle.
	///
	/// @param ang1 an angle (in radians)
	/// @param ang2 an angle (in radians)
	/// @return whether a1 must turn CLOCKWISE, COUNTERCLOCKWISE or
	///         NONE to overlap a2.
	///
	static int getTurn(double ang1, double ang2);

	/// \brief
	/// Computes the normalized value of an angle, which is the
	/// equivalent angle in the range ( -Pi, Pi ].
	///
	/// @param angle the angle to normalize
	/// @return an equivalent angle in the range (-Pi, Pi]
	///
	static double normalize(double angle);

	/// \brief
	/// Computes the normalized positive value of an angle,
	/// which is the equivalent angle in the range [ 0, 2*Pi ).
	///
	/// E.g.:
	/// - normalizePositive(0.0) = 0.0
	/// - normalizePositive(-PI) = PI
	/// - normalizePositive(-2PI) = 0.0
	/// - normalizePositive(-3PI) = PI
	/// - normalizePositive(-4PI) = 0
	/// - normalizePositive(PI) = PI
	/// - normalizePositive(2PI) = 0.0
	/// - normalizePositive(3PI) = PI
	/// - normalizePositive(4PI) = 0.0
	///
	/// @param angle the angle to normalize, in radians
	/// @return an equivalent positive angle
	///
	static double normalizePositive(double angle);


	/// Computes the unoriented smallest difference between two angles.
	//
	/// The angles are assumed to be normalized to the range [-Pi, Pi].
	/// The result will be in the range [0, Pi].
	///
	/// @param ang1 the angle of one vector (in [-Pi, Pi] )
	/// @param ang2 the angle of the other vector (in range [-Pi, Pi] )
	/// @return the angle (in radians) between the two vectors
	///         (in range [0, Pi] )
	///
	static double diff(double ang1, double ang2);
};


} // namespace geos::algorithm
} // namespace geos


#endif // GEOS_ALGORITHM_ANGLE_H
