Vocal ensembles - GNU LilyPond
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### D.4 Vocal ensembles

#### D.4.1 SATB vocal score

Here is a standard four-part SATB vocal score. With larger ensembles, it's often useful to include a section which is included in all parts. For example, the time signature and key signatures are almost always the same for all parts.

>          \version "2.7.39"
>          global = {
>             \key c \major
>             \time 4/4
>          }

>          sopMusic = \relative c'' {
>             c4 c c8[( b)] c4
>          }
>          sopWords = \lyricmode {
>             hi hi hi hi
>          }

>          altoMusic = \relative c' {
>             e4 f d e
>          }
>          altoWords =\lyricmode {
>             ha ha ha ha
>          }

>          tenorMusic = \relative c' {
>             g4 a f g
>          }
>          tenorWords = \lyricmode {
>             hu hu hu hu
>          }

>          bassMusic = \relative c {
>             c4 c g c
>          }
>          bassWords = \lyricmode {
>             ho ho ho ho
>          }

>          \score {
>             \new ChoirStaff <<
>                \new Lyrics = sopranos { s1 }
>                \new Staff = women <<
>                   \new Voice =
>                     "sopranos" { \voiceOne << \global \sopMusic >> }
>                   \new Voice =
>                     "altos" { \voiceTwo << \global \altoMusic >> }
>                >>
>                \new Lyrics = "altos" { s1 }
>                \new Lyrics = "tenors" { s1 }
>                \new Staff = men <<
>                   \clef bass
>                   \new Voice =
>                     "tenors" { \voiceOne <<\global \tenorMusic >> }
>                   \new Voice =
>                     "basses" { \voiceTwo <<\global \bassMusic >> }
>                >>
>                \new Lyrics = basses { s1 }

>                \context Lyrics = sopranos \lyricsto sopranos \sopWords
>                \context Lyrics = altos \lyricsto altos \altoWords
>                \context Lyrics = tenors \lyricsto tenors \tenorWords
>                \context Lyrics = basses \lyricsto basses \bassWords
>             >>

>             \layout {
>                \context {
>                   % a little smaller so lyrics
>                   % can be closer to the staff
>                   \Staff
>                   \override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-3 . 3)
>                }
>             }
>          }

#### D.4.2 SATB vocal score and automatic piano reduction

This template adds an automatic piano reduction to the SATB vocal score. This demonstrates one of the strengths of LilyPond – you can use a music definition more than once. If you make any changes to the vocal notes (say, tenorMusic), then the changes will also apply to the piano reduction.

>          \version "2.7.39"
>          global = {
>             \key c \major
>             \time 4/4
>          }

>          sopMusic = \relative c'' {
>             c4 c c8[( b)] c4
>          }
>          sopWords = \lyricmode {
>             hi hi hi hi
>          }

>          altoMusic = \relative c' {
>             e4 f d e
>          }
>          altoWords =\lyricmode {
>             ha ha ha ha
>          }

>          tenorMusic = \relative c' {
>             g4 a f g
>          }
>          tenorWords = \lyricmode {
>             hu hu hu hu
>          }

>          bassMusic = \relative c {
>             c4 c g c
>          }
>          bassWords = \lyricmode {
>             ho ho ho ho
>          }

>          \score {
>            <<
>              \new ChoirStaff <<
>                \new Lyrics = sopranos { s1 }
>                \new Staff = women <<
>                  \new Voice =
>                    "sopranos" { \voiceOne << \global \sopMusic >> }
>                  \new Voice =
>                    "altos" { \voiceTwo << \global \altoMusic >> }
>                >>
>                \new Lyrics = "altos" { s1 }
>                \new Lyrics = "tenors" { s1 }
>                \new Staff = men <<
>                  \clef bass
>                  \new Voice =
>                    "tenors" { \voiceOne <<\global \tenorMusic >> }
>                  \new Voice =
>                    "basses" { \voiceTwo <<\global \bassMusic >> }
>                >>
>                \new Lyrics = basses { s1 }

>                \context Lyrics = sopranos \lyricsto sopranos \sopWords
>                \context Lyrics = altos \lyricsto altos \altoWords
>                \context Lyrics = tenors \lyricsto tenors \tenorWords
>                \context Lyrics = basses \lyricsto basses \bassWords
>              >>
>            \new PianoStaff <<
>              \new Staff <<
>                \set Staff.printPartCombineTexts = ##f
>                \partcombine
>                << \global \sopMusic >>
>                << \global \altoMusic >>
>              >>
>              \new Staff <<
>                \clef bass
>                \set Staff.printPartCombineTexts = ##f
>                \partcombine
>                << \global \tenorMusic >>
>                << \global \bassMusic >>
>              >>
>             >>
>            >>
>            \layout {
>              \context {
>                % a little smaller so lyrics
>                % can be closer to the staff
>                \Staff
>                  \override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-3 . 3)
>              }
>            }
>          }

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