CGTSVX(3)

NAME
CGTSVX - the LU factorization to compute the solution to a complex system of linear equations A * X = B, A**T * X = B, or A**H * X = B,

SYNOPSIS

SUBROUTINE CGTSVX(
    FACT, TRANS, N, NRHS, DL, D, DU, DLF, DF, DUF, DU2, IPIV, B, LDB, X, LDX, RCOND, FERR, BERR, WORK, RWORK, INFO )

CHARACTER
    FACT, TRANS

INTEGER
    INFO, LDB, LDX, N, NRHS

REAL
    RCOND

INTEGER
    IPIV( * )

REAL
    BERR( * ), FERR( * ), RWORK( * )

COMPLEX
    B( LDB, * ), D( * ), DF( * ), DL( * ), DLF( * ), DU( * ), DU2( * ), DUF( * ), WORK( * ), X( LDX, * )

PURPOSE
CGTSVX uses the LU factorization to compute the solution to a complex system of linear equations A * X = B, A**T * X = B, or A**H * X = B, where A is a tridiagonal matrix of order N and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also provided.

DESCRIPTION
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the LU decomposition is used to factor the matrix A
   as A = L * U, where L is a product of permutation and unit lower
   bidiagonal matrices and U is upper triangular with nonzeros in
   only the main diagonal and first two superdiagonals.
2. If some U(i,i)=0, so that U is exactly singular, then the routine
   returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used
   to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the
   reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision,
   INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on
   to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below. 3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
   of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
   matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
   for it.

ARGUMENTS

FACT    (input) CHARACTER*1
    Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been supplied on entry. = 'F': DLF, DF, DUF, DU2, and IPIV contain the factored form of A; DL, D, DU, DLF, DF, DUF, DU2 and IPIV will not be modified. = 'N': The matrix will be copied to DLF, DF, and DUF and factored.

TRANS   (input) CHARACTER*1
    Specifies the form of the system of equations:
    = 'N': A * X = B (No transpose)
    = 'T': A**T * X = B (Transpose)
    = 'C': A**H * X = B (Conjugate transpose)

N       (input) INTEGER
    The order of the matrix A. N >= 0.

NRHS    (input) INTEGER
    The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns of the matrix B. NRHS >= 0.

DL      (input) COMPLEX array, dimension (N-1)
    The (n-1) subdiagonal elements of A.

D       (input) COMPLEX array, dimension (N)
    The n diagonal elements of A.

DU      (input) COMPLEX array, dimension (N-1)
    The (n-1) superdiagonal elements of A.

DLF     (input or output) COMPLEX array, dimension (N-1)
    If FACT = 'F', then DLF is an input argument and on entry contains the (n-1) multipliers that define the matrix L from the LU factorization of A as computed by CGTTRF. If FACT = 'N', then DLF is an output argument and on exit contains the (n-1) multipliers that define the matrix L from the LU factorization of A.

DF      (input or output) COMPLEX array, dimension (N)
    If FACT = 'F', then DF is an input argument and on entry contains the n diagonal elements of the upper triangular matrix U from the LU factorization of A. If FACT = 'N', then DF is an output argument and on exit contains the n diagonal elements of the upper triangular matrix U from the LU factorization of A.

DUF     (input or output) COMPLEX array, dimension (N-1)
    If FACT = 'F', then DUF is an input argument and on entry contains the (n-1) elements of the first superdiagonal of U. If FACT = 'N', then DUF is an output argument and on exit contains the (n-1) elements of the first superdiagonal of U.

DU2     (input or output) COMPLEX array, dimension (N-2)
    If FACT = 'F', then DU2 is an input argument and on entry contains the (n-2) elements of the second superdiagonal of U. If FACT = 'N', then DU2 is an output argument and on exit contains the (n-2) elements of the second superdiagonal of U.

IPIV    (input or output) INTEGER array, dimension (N)
    If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry contains the pivot indices from the LU factorization of A as computed by CGTTRF. If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit contains the pivot indices from the LU factorization of A; row i of the matrix was interchanged with row IPIV(i). IPIV(i) will always be either i or i+1; IPIV(i) = i indicates a row interchange was not required.

B       (input) COMPLEX array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
    The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.

LDB     (input) INTEGER
    The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).

X       (output) COMPLEX array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
    If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.

LDX     (input) INTEGER
    The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).

RCOND   (output) REAL
    The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of INFO > 0.

FERR    (output) REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
    The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X). If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j) is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight overestimate of the true error.

BERR    (output) REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
    The componentwise relative backward error of each solution vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).

WORK    (workspace) COMPLEX array, dimension (2*N)

RWORK   (workspace) REAL array, dimension (N)

INFO    (output) INTEGER
    = 0: successful exit
    < 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
    > 0: if INFO = i, and i is
    <= N: U(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization has not been completed unless i = N, but the factor U is exactly singular, so the solution and error bounds could not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned. = N+1: U is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine precision, meaning that the matrix is singular to working precision. Nevertheless, the solution and error bounds are computed because there are a number of situations where the computed solution can be more accurate than the value of RCOND would suggest.